Migrate to KaTeX

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Nathan Nguyen
2025-02-07 21:38:28 -06:00
parent 41af035e50
commit c7c46c56ee
27 changed files with 369 additions and 391 deletions

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2. $|ab| = |a||b|$
3. $|a + b| \leq |a| + |b|$
**Corollary**. Given $a, b \in \mathbb{R}$, then $\abs{\abs{a} - \abs{b}} \leq \abs{a - b}$.
**Corollary**. Given $a, b \in \mathbb{R}$, then $||a| - |b|| \leq |a - b|$.
**Remark**. Every field has at least one absolute value function.
**Theorem**. In an ordered field $F$, for any $r > 0$, we know that
1. $\abs{x = r}$ if and only if $x = r$ or $x = -r$
2. $\abs{x < r}$ if and only if $-r < x < r$
3. $\abs{x > r}$ if either $x > r$ or $x < -r$
1. $|x = r$ if and only if $x = r$ or $x = -r$
2. $|x < r$ if and only if $-r < x < r$
3. $|x > r$ if either $x > r$ or $x < -r$
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**Definition**. The *standard distance function* or *metric* on the real numbers $\mathbb{R}$ given $a, b$ is $\abs{a - b}$.
**Definition**. The *standard distance function* or *metric* on the real numbers $\mathbb{R}$ given $a, b$ is $|a - b|$.
**Theorem**. For any real numbers $a, b, c$,
1. $\abs{a - b} > 0$ if and only if $a \neq b$ and $\abs{a - b} = 0$ if and only if $a = b$
2. $\abs{a - b} = \abs{b - a}$
3. $\abs{a - c} \leq \abs{a - b} + \abs{b + c}$
1. $|a - b| > 0$ if and only if $a \neq b$ and $|a - b| = 0$ if and only if $a = b$
2. $|a - b| = |b - a|$
3. $|a - c| \leq |a - b| + |b + c|$
**Definition** A set together with a function satisfying these three properties is known as a *metric space*.
**Definition** The $\epsilon$-neighborhood of $a \in \mathbb{R}$, denoted $V_\epsilon(a)$ is the set of all real numbers $x \in \mathbb{R}$ such that $\abs{x - a} < \epsilon$. That is,
**Definition** The $\varepsilon$-neighborhood of $a \in \mathbb{R}$, denoted $V_\varepsilon(a)$ is the set of all real numbers $x \in \mathbb{R}$ such that $|x - a| < \varepsilon$. That is,
$$
V_\epsilon(a) = (a - \epsilon, a + \epsilon)
V_\varepsilon(a) = (a - \varepsilon, a + \varepsilon)
$$
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