Formatting Fix

This commit is contained in:
Indigo5684
2025-09-30 13:19:25 -05:00
parent e1146e7b1c
commit a629d475d4
13 changed files with 26 additions and 24 deletions

View File

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
# Chapter 16 - Rings
## Section 16.1 - Rings
**Definition**. A nonempty set $S$ is a *ring* if, with two binary operations called addition and multipllication, the following are satisfied:
@@ -139,4 +140,4 @@ $$
Thus, $ab \in P$. By symnetry, assume $a \notin P$. Thus, $b \in P$ by the devinition of a prime ideal, so $b + P = 0 + P$, meaning $R/P$ is an integral domain.
**Theorem**. 16.40: In a commutative ring with identity, every maximal ideal is also a prime ideal.
**Theorem**. 16.40: In a commutative ring with identity, every maximal ideal is also a prime ideal.

View File

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
# Chapter 17 - Polynomial Rings
## Section 17.1 - Polynomial Rings
Throughout this chapter, we will assume that $R$ is a commutative ring with identity.
@@ -63,4 +64,4 @@ Then, if $p | a_i$ for $0 \leq i < n$, but $p \nmid a_n$ and $p^2 \nmid a_0$, th
**Theorem**. If $F$ is a field, then every ideal in $F[x]$ is a principal ideal.
**Theorem**. Let $F$ be a field, and suppose $p(x) \in F[x]$. Then, the ideal $<p(x)>$ is maximal if and only if $p(x)$ is irreducible.
**Theorem**. Let $F$ be a field, and suppose $p(x) \in F[x]$. Then, the ideal $<p(x)>$ is maximal if and only if $p(x)$ is irreducible.

View File

@@ -98,4 +98,4 @@ As a direct consequence, we see the following.
1. Given a field $F$, since $F$ is a PID, it is also a UFD. Thus, $F[x]$ is a UFD.
2. The ring of polynomials over integers, $\mathbb{Z}[x]$ is a UFD.
3. Given $D$ is a UFD, $D[x]$ is a UFD. Thus, $D[x_1, x_2]$ is a UFD, and by induction, $D[x_1, \ldots, x_n]$ is a UFD.
3. Given $D$ is a UFD, $D[x]$ is a UFD. Thus, $D[x_1, x_2]$ is a UFD, and by induction, $D[x_1, \ldots, x_n]$ is a UFD.

View File

@@ -36,4 +36,4 @@ Note that $a_n(t)$ does not depeond on any derivative of $y$, so the presence of
This section is from [Paul's Online Math Notes](https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/DE/DirectionFields.aspx).
**Definition**. A directional field is the graph of a $t$ vs. $y(t)$, with vectors drawn at each point with a slope corresponding to $y'(t)$. Notably, each arrow will be pointed right (towards increasing $t$).
**Definition**. A directional field is the graph of a $t$ vs. $y(t)$, with vectors drawn at each point with a slope corresponding to $y'(t)$. Notably, each arrow will be pointed right (towards increasing $t$).

View File

@@ -144,4 +144,4 @@ $$
\frac{1}{1-n}v' + p(x)v = q(x)
$$
After solving, be sure to rewrite in terms of $y$.
After solving, be sure to rewrite in terms of $y$.

View File

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ Thus, we allow the *charactaristic equation* of the differential equation to be
$$ ar^2 + br + c = 0 $$
# Section 3.2 - Real & Distinct Roots
## Section 3.2 - Real & Distinct Roots
This section is from [Paul's Online Math Notes](https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/DE/RealRoots.aspx).
@@ -42,11 +42,11 @@ $$ y_1(t) = e^{r_1 t} $$
$$ y_2(t) = e^{r_2 t} $$
Thus,
Thus,
$$ y(t) = c_1 e^{r_1 t} + c_2 e^{r_2 t} $$
# Section 3.3 - Complex Roots
## Section 3.3 - Complex Roots
This section is from [Paul's Online Math Notes](https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/DE/ComplexRoots.aspx).
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ Assume we have the differential equation as follows:
$$ y'' + p(t) y' + q(t) y = g(t) $$
The equivilent homogenous differential equation is
The equivilent homogenous differential equation is
$$ y'' + p(t) y' + q(t) y = 0 $$
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ Assume we have the differential equation as follows:
$$ y'' + p(t) y' + q(t) y = g(t) $$
The equivilent homogenous differential equation is
The equivilent homogenous differential equation is
$$ y'' + p(t) y' + q(t) y = 0 $$
@@ -164,4 +164,4 @@ For this method, we must have $y_1(t)$ and $y_2(t)$ known. Through a lot of math
$$
y_p = -y_1 \int \frac{y_2(t)g(t)}{W(y_1, y_2)} dt + y_2 \int \frac{y_1(t)g(t)}{W(y_1, y_2)} dt
$$
$$

View File

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
# Section 4 - Laplace Transformations
## Section 4.1 - Definition
This section is from [Paul's Online Math Notes](https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/DE/LaplaceDefinition.aspx).
@@ -78,4 +79,4 @@ We can take the Laplace transformation of an IVP, solve for $Y(s)$, then take th
## Section 4.6 - Nonconstant Coefficient IVPs
This section is from [Paul's Online Math Notes](https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/DE/IVPWithNonConstantCoefficient.aspx).
This section is from [Paul's Online Math Notes](https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/DE/IVPWithNonConstantCoefficient.aspx).

View File

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
# Chapter 1 - Mathematics
## 1.5 - Dyads and Tensors
**Definition**. A *dyadic* is a representation of two-ish vectors.

View File

@@ -81,7 +81,6 @@ $$
The curl of an electrostatic or magnetostatic is relatively simple.
$$
\begin{align}
\curl{E(\vb{r})} &= \frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_0} \int_V \rho_e(\vb{r'}) \curl{(\frac{\vb{r}-\vb{r'}}{\abs{\vb{r}-\vb{r'}}^3})} \dd V' \\
@@ -132,4 +131,4 @@ $$
**Definition**. This is known as *Gauss' Law*.
With applicable symnetry, the integral factor becomes simply $E(r)*A$, where $A$ is the area of the surface at $r$.
With applicable symnetry, the integral factor becomes simply $E(r)*A$, where $A$ is the area of the surface at $r$.

View File

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ The units of magnetostatic potential is Joule/Weber, also known as an Ampere. Th
With this, we can calculate work. Moving a charge $q$ from $A$ to $B$, we see that
$$
\delta W = \int_A^B \vb{F} \vdot \dd{\vb{l}} = q_e \int_A^B \vb{E} \vdot \dd{\vb{l}} = -q_e \int_A^B \grad{\vb{V}} \vdot \dd{\vb{l}} = -q_e \delta V_e
\delta W = \int_A^B \vb{F} \vdot \dd{\vb{l}} = q_e \int_A^B \vb{E} \vdot \dd{\vb{l}} = -q_e \int_A^B \grad{\vb{V}} \vdot \dd{\vb{l}} = -q_e \delta V_e
$$
Strictly speaking, this is a potential difference. To find the absolute potential, assume a point charge $Q$ at the origin, and a charge $q$. We take the work as $q$ moves from $\vb{r'} = \vb{\infty}$ to $\vb{r'} = \vb{r}$. Thus,
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ $$
V_e(\vb{r}) = \frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_0} \int_{V'} \frac{\rho_e(\vb{r'})}{\abs{\vb{r}-\vb{r'}}} \dd{V'}
$$
$$
V_m(\vb{r}) = \frac{1}{4 \pi \mu_0} \int_{V'} \frac{\rho_m(\vb{r'})}{\abs{\vb{r}-\vb{r'}}} \dd{V'}
$$
@@ -75,7 +74,7 @@ $$
W_2 = W_{21} = \frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_0} \frac{Q_{e1} Q_{e2}}{\abs{\vb{r_2} - \vb{r_1}}}
$$
Superposition applies here. The energy to create $N$ charges is
Superposition applies here. The energy to create $N$ charges is
$$
W_n = \frac{1}{2} \frac{4 \pi \epsilon_0} \sum_{i = 1}^{N} \sum_{j > i}^{N} \frac{Q_{ei}Q_{ej}}{\abs{\vb{r_i}-\vb{r_j}}}
@@ -177,7 +176,7 @@ $$
Taking the divergence, we find that
$$
- \laplacian{V(\vb{r})} = G(\vb{r}, \vb{r'}) \frac{Q_e}{\epsilon_0} = \frac{Q_e}{\epsilon_0} \laplacian({\frac{-1}{4\pi \abs{\vb{r} - \vb{r'}}}})
- \laplacian{V(\vb{r})} = G(\vb{r}, \vb{r'}) \frac{Q_e}{\epsilon_0} = \frac{Q_e}{\epsilon_0} \laplacian({\frac{-1}{4\pi \abs{\vb{r} - \vb{r'}}}})
= \frac{Q_e}{\epsilon_0} \div \frac{\vb{r} - \vb{r'}}{\abs{\vb{r} - \vb{r'}}^3} = \frac{Q_e}{\epsilon_0} \delta(\vb{r} - \vb{r'})
$$
@@ -274,4 +273,4 @@ $$
Note that as a quirk of the function, $P_n(1) = 1$ for all $n$.
We can apply these quadrupole and beyond terms to the volate or other equations, however, this becomes very messy.
We can apply these quadrupole and beyond terms to the volate or other equations, however, this becomes very messy.

View File

@@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ Consider any two points internal to the conductor. The voltage between said poin
The electric field at the surface of a conductor is perpendicular to its surface. Consider some displacement $\dd{\vb{l}}$. Now, $\vb{E} \vdot \dd{\vb{l}} = \vb{E}_s \vdot \dd{\vb{l}}_s + \vb{E}_p \vdot \dd{\vb{l}}_p = \dd{V_s} + \dd{V_p}$, in terms of parallel and perpendicular components. The paralell voltage difference is zero, so the electric field must be zero.
Consider the surface of a conductor with surface charge density $\sigma_e$. A cyliner with one end inside and one end outside said surface, with its axis normal to said surface, will be a Gaussian "pillbox", which will show that with V being the volume of the pillbox, $\int_V \div{\vb{E}} \dd{V} = \frac{Q_e}{\epsilon_0} = \frac{A\sigma_e}{\epsilon_0}$. Thus, $\sigma_e = \epsilon_0 E$.
Consider the surface of a conductor with surface charge density $\sigma_e$. A cyliner with one end inside and one end outside said surface, with its axis normal to said surface, will be a Gaussian "pillbox", which will show that with V being the volume of the pillbox, $\int_V \div{\vb{E}} \dd{V} = \frac{Q_e}{\epsilon_0} = \frac{A\sigma_e}{\epsilon_0}$. Thus, $\sigma_e = \epsilon_0 E$.

View File

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
# Breads
# Pumpkin Bread
## Pumpkin Bread
- Preheat oven to $350 \degree$ F.
- Combine $1 \frac{2}{3}$ cups flour, $1 \frac{1}{2}$ cups sugar, 1 tsp. baking soda, 1 tsp cinnamon, $\frac{3}{4}$ tsp. salt, $\frac{1}{2}$ tsp. baking powder, $\frac{1}{2}$ tsp. nutmeg, $\frac{1}{4}$ tsp cloves.
- In a separate bowl, combine 2 eggs, 1 can of pumpkin, $\frac{1}{2}$ cup canola oil, and $\frac{1}{2}$ cups water.
- Combine. Mix in $\frac{1}{2}$ cups of walnuts.
- Add to a greased 9x5 pan. Bake at $350 \degree$ F for 65-80 minutes.
- Add to a greased 9x5 pan. Bake at $350 \degree$ F for 65-80 minutes.

View File

@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ From: [Link](https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/234374/apple-hand-pies/)
- Mix in apples, add sugar mixture.
- Wait until apples are softened (approx. 5 minutes).
### Pies
### Hand Pies
- Preheat oven to $400 \degree$ F.
- Split pie crust into 4. Place fillin in crust, fold.
- Sprinkle with $\frac{1}{4}$ tsp. white sugar.
- Whisk 2 tsp. milk, 1 egg. Brush pastries.
- Bake at $400 \degree$ F. for 25-30 minutes.
- Bake at $400 \degree$ F. for 25-30 minutes.